CuZnAl/碳纤维复合材料催化合成气制备低碳醇

采用共沉淀法制备CuZnAl类水滑石,将其担载于活化碳纤维（ACFs）表面,通过焙烧还原合成功能化复合催化剂（CuZnAl/ACFs）。借助XRD、FT-IR及N₂吸附-脱附等方法对该复合物进行表征,并将其应用于合成气制备低碳醇的反应中,进行活性评价。结果表明,复合催化剂中活性组分在碳纤维表面均匀分散,碳纤维表面催化剂的颗粒尺寸减小,比表面积增大。ACFs的导电性加速醇合成过程中的电子传递,促进反应进行,因而CO转化率的提高（最高可达47%）。同时,ACFs提高催化剂表面ZnO的分散度,从而促进Cu与ZnO形成金属氧化物界面。这有利于低碳醇的生成,因而使C2以上醇的选择性高达39%。     

锰改性活性焦脱除合成气中单质汞的影响因素

采用等体积浸渍法制备了Mn改性活性焦吸附剂(Mn-AC),研究了模拟合成气(0.04%H2S、20%CO、30%H2、N2为平衡气体)下Mn-AC对单质汞的吸附特性,并利用BET、XPS、XRD等手段对吸附剂进行表征,分析了还原性气体对吸附剂脱汞性能的影响。结果表明,在模拟合成气气氛下,Mn-AC具有优异的汞脱除能力,200℃下2 h内平均汞脱除率达到84.3%。合成气中,H2S提供了具有脱汞能力的活性硫吸附位(Sad),显著地提高了Mn-AC的高温脱汞能力;H2消耗了吸附剂表面的活性氧,不利于活性硫的生成,CO消耗了生成的活性硫吸附位,两者对汞脱除均有抑制作用。高温下由于活性硫和汞的反应减弱,同时H2的抑制作用加强,吸附剂对单质汞的脱除能力下降。     

Fe/SiO_2纳米复合物上合成气制低碳烯烃催化性能研究

分别采用一步合成法和常规共沉淀法制备了Fe/SiO2催化剂,通过N2物理吸附、X射线衍射、透射电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱和程序升温还原等方法对催化剂进行了表征,并在固定床反应器中对其费托合成制低碳烯烃的催化性能进行了评价。结果表明,与共沉淀铁基催化剂不同,采用一步合成法制备的纳米复合物主要由Fe3O4相构成,形貌呈规则球形,平均粒径为30 nm,尺寸分布窄,更容易还原。一步合成法制得的Fe/SiO2催化剂对费托合成反应具有较高的活性和低碳烯烃选择性、较低的甲烷选择性和良好的稳定性。     

PG9351FA燃机建模及改烧合成气的通流调整分析

在透平冷却空气量估算的基础上,建立了透平逐级计算、考虑IGV角度对压气机特性曲线影响的PG9351FA燃机变工况模型.针对改烧合成气带来的压气机喘振、通流匹配等问题,分析了关小IGV角度、增大透平通流面积、降低燃气轮机T3温度等几种不同的通流调整措施对燃气轮机最大出力、压气机喘振裕度以及燃气轮机整体性能的影响,提出了一...     

镍/生物质衍生氮掺杂多孔碳纳米复合材料的制备及对甲醇氧化反应的电催化

以Ni （Ac）₂·4H₂O和生物质材料丝瓜络为原料,通过先浸渍后热解的方法制备了低成本的镍纳米颗粒/丝瓜络衍生氮掺杂多孔碳纳米复合材料（Ni/T-dNPCN）。研究复合材料对甲醇的电催化性能,并讨论热解温度对复合材料结构和性能的影响。结果表明,Ni/T-dNPCN修饰玻碳电极（GCE）在碱性条件下对甲醇氧化反应（MOR）具有良好的电催化活性。其中,800℃煅烧得到的Ni/T-dNPCN₈₀₀/GCE对1 mol·L^-1甲醇具有最低的起始电位（0.344 V （vs Ag/AgCl））、最高的催化电流密度（质量活性：1 902 mA·mg_Ni^-1;比活性：1.61 mA·cm^-2）和最快的动力学反应过程（Tafel斜率：50.23 mV·dec^-1）,其催化活性约为商业化Pt/C/GCE的3.92倍。且计时电流测试表明,Ni/T-dNPCN₈₀₀/GCE具有良好的稳定性。     

Coking-resistant Ni-ZrO2/Al2O3 catalyst for CO methanation

Highly coke-resisting Zr O2-decorated Ni/Al2O3 catalysts for CO methanation were prepared by a two-step process. The support was first loaded with Ni O by impregnating method and then modified with Zr O2 by deposition-precipitation method(IM-DP). Nitrogen adsorptiondesorption, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, H2 temperatureprogrammed reduction and desorption, NH3temperature-programmed desorption, and zeta potential analysis were employed to characterize the samples. The results revealed that, compared with the catalysts with the same composition prepared by co-impregnation(CI) and sequential impregnation(SI) methods, the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst prepared by IM-DP showed much enhanced catalytic performance for syngas methanation under the condition of atmospheric pressure and a high weight hourly space velocity of 120000 m L g-1 h-1. In a 80 h life time test under the condition of 300–600°C and 3.0 MPa, this catalyst showed high stability and resistance to coking, and the amount of deposited carbon was only 0.4 wt%. On the contrary, the deposited carbon over the catalyst without Zr O2 reached 1.5 wt% after a 60 h life time test. The improved catalytic performance was attributed to the selective deposition of Zr O2 nanoparticles on the surface of Ni O rather than Al2O3, which could be well controlled via changing the electrostatic interaction in the DP procedure. This unique structure could enhance the dissociation of CO2 and generate surface oxygen intermediates, thus preventing carbon deposition on the Ni particles in syngas methanation.     

Cu-Co bi-metal catalyst prepared by perovskite CuO/LaCoO3 used for higher alcohol synthesis from syngas

Cu-Co bi-metal catalysts derived from CuO/LaCoO3 perovskite structure were prepared by one-step citrate complexing method, and the structure evolution reaction from CuO/LaCoO3 to Cu-Co2C/La202CO3 under 1-12 pretreatment was investigated by techniques of XRD, TPR and TEM. The results suggest that a much higher dispersion of copper significantly enhanced the reduction of cobalt, and a stronger interaction between copper and cobalt ions in LaCoO3 particles led to the formation of bi-metallic Cu-Co particles in the reduced catalysts and the enrichment of Co on the surface of bimetallic particles. The prepared catalysts were highly active and selective for the alcohol synthesis from syngas due to the presence of copper-modified C02C species.     

Effect of Ni loadings on the activity and coke formation of MgO-modified Ni/Al_2O_3 nanocatalyst in dry reforming of methane

MgO-modified Ni/Al2O3 catalysts with different Ni loadings were prepared and employed in dry reforming of methane （DRM）. The effect of Ni loadings on the activity and coke formation of Ni/MgO-A1203 catalysts were investigated. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, TPO and TPR techniques. The obtained results showed that increasing nickel loading decreased the BET surface area and increased the catalytic activity and amount of deposited carbon. In addition, the effect of gas hourly space velocity （GHSV） and feed ratio were studied.     

Cu-Co bi-metal catalyst prepared by perovskite CuO/LaCoO3 used for higher alcohol synthesis from syngas

Cu-Co bi-metal catalysts derived from CuO/LaCoO₃ perovskite structure were prepared by one-step citrate complexing method, and the structure evolution reaction from CuO/LaCoO₃ to Cu-Co₂C/La₂O₂CO₃ under H₂ pretreatment was investigated by techniques of XRD, TPR and TEM. The results suggest that a much higher dispersion of copper significantly enhanced the reduction of cobalt, and a stronger interaction between copper and cobalt ions in LaCoO₃ particles led to the formation of bi-metallic Cu-Co particles in the reduced catalysts and the enrichment of Co on the surface of bimetallic particles. The prepared catalysts were highly active and selective for the alcohol synthesis from syngas due to the presence of copper-modified Co₂C species.     

铈基复合氧化物中晶格氧用于甲烷部分氧化制合成气

采用共沉淀法制备了Ce-M-O氧载体（M＝Fe、Mn、Cu）,并进行了XRD表征。研究了Ce-M-O中晶格氧部分氧化甲烷制合成气的反应。考察了再生时间、再生温度对氧载体部分氧化甲烷性能的影响。研究结果表明, Ce-Fe-O固溶体中的晶格氧适于部分氧化甲烷制合成气。在新鲜的Ce Fe O氧载体上存在少量的强氧化物种,导致开始阶段大部分甲烷被完全氧化,然后该氧载体能均匀地释放出具有高选择性的体相晶格氧将甲烷氧化为CO和H2。通过对氧载体再生条件的控制,可以有效提高目标产物的选择性,当再生温度为850℃,再生时间为7min时, 获得了最大的CO（96.68%）和H2（97.56%）选择性,同时H2与CO摩尔比达到2.02。在无气相氧存在下,用Ce-Fe-O中晶格氧实现甲烷部分氧化制合成气的方法是可行的。